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AP Chemistry

Why matter behaves the way it does, and how much of it reacts

AP Chemistry asks you to connect what particles do to what you can measure: predict, represent it, then calculate and explain. Each lesson asks you to commit to a prediction before it explains, works every calculation step by step, and names the mistake behind every wrong answer. The lessons are being written one unit at a time.

AP Chemistry Exam Thursday, May 6, 2027

Start Lesson 1.1 Moles and Molar Mass

Units

Nine units, in the order College Board's course framework sets them. Each unit's share of the multiple-choice section is printed beside it, as College Board publishes it.

  1. Unit 1 Atomic Structure and Properties 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 8 topics
    1. 1.1Moles and Molar Mass
    2. 1.2Mass Spectra of Elements
    3. 1.3Elemental Composition of Pure Substances
    4. 1.4Composition of Mixtures
    5. 1.5Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration
    6. 1.6Photoelectron Spectroscopy
    7. 1.7Periodic Trends
    8. 1.8Valence Electrons and Ionic Compounds

    Unit 1 overviewUnit 1 check

  2. Unit 2 Compound Structure and Properties 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 7 topics
    1. 2.1Types of Chemical Bonds
    2. 2.2Intramolecular Force and Potential Energy
    3. 2.3Structure of Ionic Solids
    4. 2.4Structure of Metals and Alloys
    5. 2.5Lewis Diagrams
    6. 2.6Resonance and Formal Charge
    7. 2.7VSEPR and Hybridization

    Unit 2 overviewUnit 2 check

  3. Unit 3 Properties of Substances and Mixtures 18–22% of the multiple-choice section · 13 topics
    1. 3.1Intermolecular and Interparticle Forces
    2. 3.2Properties of Solids
    3. 3.3Solids, Liquids, and Gases
    4. 3.4Ideal Gas Law
    5. 3.5Kinetic Molecular Theory
    6. 3.6Deviation from Ideal Gas Law
    7. 3.7Solutions and Mixtures
    8. 3.8Representations of Solutions
    9. 3.9Separation of Solutions and Mixtures
    10. 3.10Solubility
    11. 3.11Spectroscopy and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
    12. 3.12Properties of Photons
    13. 3.13Beer-Lambert Law

    Unit 3 overviewUnit 3 check

  4. Unit 4 Chemical Reactions 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 9 topics
    1. 4.1Introduction for Reactions
    2. 4.2Net Ionic Equations
    3. 4.3Representations of Reactions
    4. 4.4Physical and Chemical Changes
    5. 4.5Stoichiometry
    6. 4.6Introduction to Titration
    7. 4.7Types of Chemical Reactions
    8. 4.8Introduction to Acid-Base Reactions
    9. 4.9Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions

    Unit 4 overviewUnit 4 check

  5. Unit 5 Kinetics 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 11 topics
    1. 5.1Reaction Rates
    2. 5.2Introduction to Rate Law
    3. 5.3Concentration Changes Over Time
    4. 5.4Elementary Reactions
    5. 5.5Collision Model
    6. 5.6Reaction Energy Profile
    7. 5.7Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms
    8. 5.8Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law
    9. 5.9Pre-Equilibrium Approximation
    10. 5.10Multistep Reaction Energy Profile
    11. 5.11Catalysis

    Unit 5 overviewUnit 5 check

  6. Unit 6 Thermochemistry 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 9 topics
    1. 6.1Endothermic and Exothermic Processes
    2. 6.2Energy Diagrams
    3. 6.3Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium
    4. 6.4Heat Capacity and Calorimetry
    5. 6.5Energy of Phase Changes
    6. 6.6Introduction to Enthalpy of Reaction
    7. 6.7Bond Enthalpies
    8. 6.8Enthalpy of Formation
    9. 6.9Hess’s Law

    Unit 6 overviewUnit 6 check

  7. Unit 7 Equilibrium 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 12 topics
    1. 7.1Introduction to Equilibrium
    2. 7.2Direction of Reversible Reactions
    3. 7.3Reaction Quotient and Equilibrium Constant
    4. 7.4Calculating the Equilibrium Constant
    5. 7.5Magnitude of the Equilibrium Constant
    6. 7.6Properties of the Equilibrium Constant
    7. 7.7Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations
    8. 7.8Representations of Equilibrium
    9. 7.9Introduction to Le Châtelier’s Principle
    10. 7.10Reaction Quotient and Le Châtelier’s Principle
    11. 7.11Introduction to Solubility Equilibria
    12. 7.12Common-Ion Effect

    Unit 7 overviewUnit 7 check

  8. Unit 8 Acids and Bases 11–15% of the multiple-choice section · 11 topics
    1. 8.1Introduction to Acids and Bases
    2. 8.2pH and pOH of Strong Acids and Bases
    3. 8.3Weak Acid and Base Equilibria
    4. 8.4Acid-Base Reactions and Buffers
    5. 8.5Acid-Base Titrations
    6. 8.6Molecular Structure of Acids and Bases
    7. 8.7pH and pKa
    8. 8.8Properties of Buffers
    9. 8.9Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
    10. 8.10Buffer Capacity
    11. 8.11pH and Solubility

    Unit 8 overviewUnit 8 check

  9. Unit 9 Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry 7–9% of the multiple-choice section · 11 topics
    1. 9.1Introduction to Entropy
    2. 9.2Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change
    3. 9.3Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability
    4. 9.4Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control
    5. 9.5Free Energy and Equilibrium
    6. 9.6Free Energy of Dissolution
    7. 9.7Coupled Reactions
    8. 9.8Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic Cells
    9. 9.9Cell Potential and Free Energy
    10. 9.10Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions
    11. 9.11Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law

    Unit 9 overviewUnit 9 check

Labs

Labs for this course are being built.

The exam

The exam is hybrid digital: you answer the multiple-choice questions in the Bluebook app and handwrite your free-response answers in a paper booklet. A scientific or graphing calculator is recommended for use on both sections of the exam.

Exam format and practice